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Buy 1-Phenyl-2-propylaminopentane (PPAP) Cas 784118-64-5

1-Phenyl-2-propylaminopentane (PPAP), also known as α,N-dipropylphenethylamine (DPPEA) and by the developmental code name MK-306, is an experimental drug related to selegiline which acts as a catecholaminergic activity enhancer (CAE).^[1][2][3][4] PPAP is a CAE and enhances the nerve impulse propagation-mediated release of norepinephrine and dopamine.^[1][3][4][5] It produces psychostimulant-like effects in animals.^[4] In 2025, it was discovered that PPAP is a potent catecholamine reuptake inhibitor, including of dopamine and to a lesser extent of norepinephrine.^[6] The drug is a phenethylamine and amphetamine derivative and was derived via structural modification of selegiline.^[3][4] PPAP was first described in the literature in 1988^[7] and in the first major paper in 1992.^[4][8] It led to the development of the improved monoaminergic activity enhancer (MAE) benzofuranylpropylaminopentane (BPAP) in 1999.^[1][3] PPAP was a reference compound for studying the MAE system for many years.^[1][2][3] However, it was superseded by BPAP, which is more potent, selective, and also enhances serotonin.^{[9][1][2][3][10][11]} There has been interest in PPAP for potential clinical use in humans, including in the treatment of depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Alzheimer's disease.^[4] It is a controlled substance in Sweden as of 2020.^[12] PPAP is classified as a catecholaminergic activity enhancer (CAE), a drug that stimulates the impulse propagation-mediated release of the catecholamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain.^{[1][2][3][4][5][13]} Unlike stimulants such as amphetamine, which release a flood of monoamine neurotransmitters in an uncontrolled manner, (–)-PPAP instead only increases the amount of neurotransmitters that get released when a neuron is stimulated by receiving an impulse from a neighboring neuron.^[13][5] Both amphetamine and (–)-PPAP promote the release of monoamines; however, while amphetamine causes neurons to release neurotransmitter stores into the synapse regardless of external input, (–)-PPAP does not influence the pattern of neurotransmitter release and instead releases a larger amount of neurotransmitters than normal.^[13][5] Findings in the early 2020s have suggested that known synthetic monoaminergic activity enhancers (MAEs) like PPAP, BPAP, and selegiline may exert their effects via trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonism.^[14][15] This was evidenced by the TAAR1 antagonist EPPTB reversing the MAE effects of BPAP and selegiline, among other findings.^[14][15] Another compound, rasagiline, has likewise been found to reverse the effects of MAEs, and has been proposed as a possible TAAR1 antagonist.^[15] The therapeutic index for PPAP in animal models is greater than that of amphetamine while producing comparable improvements in learning, retention, and antidepressant effects.^[4] It has been found to reduce deficits induced by the dopamine depleting agent tetrabenazine in the shuttle box learning test in rats.^[4][16] PPAP and selegiline are much less potent than BPAP as MAEs.^[3][11] Whereas PPAP and selegiline are active at doses of 1 to 5 mg/kg in vivo in rats, BPAP is active at doses of 0.05 to 10 mg/kg.^[3] BPAP is 130 times as potent as selegiline in the shuttle box test.^[1] In contrast to BPAP however, the MAE effects of PPAP and selegiline are not reversed by the BPAP antagonist 3-F-BPAP.^[2] In addition, whereas PPAP and selegiline are selective as MAEs of norepinephrine and dopamine, BPAP is a MAE of not only norepinephrine and dopamine but also of serotonin.^{[1][11][2][4]} PPAP was reported in 2025 to act as a potent catecholamine reuptake inhibitor, with IC₅₀Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 57.5 nM at the dopamine transporter (DAT), 571 nM at the norepinephrine transporter (NET), and 19,000 nM at the serotonin transporter (SERT).^[6] In terms of dopamine reuptake inhibition, it was 41-fold less potent than MDPV but 7-fold more potent than mephedrone (4-MMC) and 1.3-fold more potent than amphetamine.^[6] Unlike the related CAE selegiline, (–)-PPAP has no activity as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor.^[9][17]

PPAP, also known as α,N-dipropylphenethylamine (DPPEA) or as α-desmethyl-α,N-dipropylamphetamine, is a substituted phenethylamine and amphetamine derivative.^[4] It was derived from structural modification of selegiline (L-deprenyl; (R)-(–)-N,α-dimethyl-N-2-propynylphenethylamine).^[4] Both racemic PPAP and subsequently its more active (–)- or (2R)-enantiomer (–)-PPAP have been employed in the literature.^{[4][16][1][2][5][18]} PPAP is similar in chemical structure to propylamphetamine (N-propylamphetamine; NPA; PAL-424), but has an α-propyl chain instead of an α-methyl group. It is also similar in structure to α-propylphenethylamine (APPEA; PAL-550), but has an N-propyl chain instead of no substitution. PPAP can be thought of as the combined derivative of NPA and APPEA. NPA and APPEA are known to be low-potency dopamine reuptake inhibitors (IC₅₀Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration = 1,013 nM and 2,596 nM, respectively) and are inactive as dopamine releasing agents in vitro.^[19] Another similar analogue of PPAP is N,α-diethylphenethylamine (DEPEA), which is a norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent and/or reuptake inhibitor.^[20][21][14] A more well-known derivative of APPEA related to PPAP is the cathinone pentedrone (α-propyl-β-keto-N-methylphenethylamine), which is a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor. A related MAE, BPAP, is a substituted benzofuran derivative and tryptamine relative that was derived from structural modification of PPAP.^[1] It was developed by replacement of the benzene ring in PPAP with a benzofuran ring.^[11][22] Another related MAE, indolylpropylaminopentane (IPAP), is a tryptamine derivative that is the analogue of PPAP in which the benzene ring has been replaced with an indole ring.^[22][14][15] PPAP (MK-306) and its (–)-enantiomer (–)-PPAP must not be confused with the sigma receptor ligand R(−)-N-(3-phenyl-n-propyl)-1-phenyl-2-aminopropane ((–)-PPAP—same acronym)^[23] or with the cephamycin antibiotic cefoxitin (MK-306—same developmental code name).^[24][25][26] Racemic PPAP (MK-306) was first described in the scientific literature in 1988^[7] and a series of papers characterizing it were published in the early 1990s.^{[27][28][29][30][31][32][8][4][33]} The first major paper on the drug was published in 1992.^[4] It was synthesized by József Knoll and colleagues.^[8][4] The potencies of the different enantiomers of PPAP were assessed in 1994.^[16] Subsequent papers have employed (–)-PPAP.^{[1][2][5][18]} Several patents of PPAP have been published.^[34][35][36] The development of PPAP was critical in elucidating that the CAE effects of selegiline are unrelated to its monoamine oxidase inhibition.^[9][1][2][3] For many years, PPAP served as a reference compound in studying MAEs.^[1][2][3] However, it was eventually superseded by BPAP, which was discovered in 1999.^{[9][1][2][3][10][11]} This MAE is potent and selective than PPAP and, in contrast to PPAP and selegiline, also enhances serotonin.^{[9][1][2][3][10]} In 2025, PPAP was found to act as a potent catecholamine reuptake inhibitor.^[6] PPAP is a controlled substance in Sweden as of 2020.^[12] PPAP has been proposed as a potential therapeutic agent for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Alzheimer's disease, and depression based on preclinical findings.^[4] The developers of PPAP attempted to have it clinically studied, but were unsuccessful and it was never assessed in humans.^[1]

• Substituted α-propylphenethylamine
• Methylenedioxyphenylpropylaminopentane (MPAP)
• Naphthylpropylaminopentane (NPAP)
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  1-Phenyl-2-propylaminopentane (PPAP), CAS 784118-64-5, is a stimulant compound described as a dopamine and norepinephrine releasing agent

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  • α-Propylphenethylamine

    α-Propylphenethylamine α-Propylphenethylamine ( APPEA or α-Pr-PEA), also known as 1-phenyl-2-aminopentane, is a stimulant drug of ...

    

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  Description. PPAP HCl Nootropic Powder. CAS Number 784118-64-5 Other Names PPAP HCL; 1-Phenyl-2-propylaminopentane hydrochloride; 1-Phenyl-N-propylpen.Read more

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  PPAP (Phenylpropylaminopentane) is a monoaminergic activity enhancer research compound used to study regulated dopamine and norepinephrine signaling.

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  Cas NO.: 784118-64-5 ; Mw: 205.35 ; MF: C14H23N ; Name:PPAP (Related Reference) ; Synonyms: (-)-1-Phenyl-2-propylaminopentane (-)-PPAP; (2R)-1-Phenyl-N-propyl-2- ...Read more